Sleeping warm at elevation

Most bad camping nights come down to cold. Fix the bag, the pad, and the layer under it.

20°F down sleeping bag ↗The single biggest upgrade for Sierra camping. Down packs small and lasts a decade.
Insulated sleeping pad (R-value 4+) ↗The ground pulls heat faster than the air does. Insulation under you matters more than the bag rating.
Camp pillow ↗Stop using a rolled-up hoodie.
Merino base layer ↗Sleep in it. Wear it in the morning. Doesn't smell on day three.

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